Exactly what causes the loss of hypocretin-producing cells in the brain isn't known. Hypocretin levels are low in people who experience cataplexy. Hypocretin is a chemical in the brain that helps control being awake and when you enter REM sleep. ![]() People with type 1 narcolepsy have low levels of hypocretin (hi-poe-KREE-tin), also called orexin. The exact cause of narcolepsy is unknown. See your health care provider if you experience excessive daytime sleepiness that affects your personal or professional life. Or they may have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep, called insomnia. Or they may act out their dreams, known as REM sleep behavior disorder. They might have obstructive sleep apnea, in which breathing starts and stops during the night. People with narcolepsy may have other sleep disorders. REM sleep also can happen at any time of the day. They tend to enter REM sleep within 15 minutes of falling asleep. But people with narcolepsy often move more quickly to REM sleep. Typically, people enter REM sleep 60 to 90 minutes after falling asleep.
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